Spanning tree invariants, loop systems and doubly stochastic matrices.
Ricardo Gómez and José Miguel Salazar Montiel
Linear Algebra and its Applications 432 (2010) 556-565.
Abstract. The spanning tree invariant of Lind and Tuncel is observed in the context of loop systems of Markov chains. For n = 1, 2, 3 the spanning tree invariants of the loop systems of a Markov chain determined by an irreducible stochastic (n x n)-matrix P coincide if and only if P is doubly stochastic and, in this case, the common value of the spanning tree invariants of the loop systems is n.